Reported speech- F�gg� besz�d

Az angol nyelvben m�sok szavait, mondatait k�t m�don adhatjuk vissza

1.       id�zet:

-          sz� szerint id�z�nk egy mondatot, ekkor �r�sban kett�spontot illetve id�z�jelet haszn�lunk

Tom said: 'I am happy.'

2.      f�gg� besz�d:

-          m�sok mondatait, szavait nem sz� szerint id�zz�k

Tom said (that)* he was happy.

*a 'that' haszn�lata v�laszthat�

K�pz�s:

1. igeid�v�ltoz�s

-          f�gg� besz�d eset�n az eredeti mondat igeideje megv�ltozik, �ltal�ban egy igeid�t mozdul a m�lt fel�.

am/is - was                      do/does - did                          will - would

are - were                         have/has - had                      can - could

simple present -> simple past

I play football - Tom said (that) he played football.

present continuous -> past continuous

I am playing football - Tom said (that) he was playing football.

simple past -> past perfect

I played football. - Tom said (that) he had played football.

past continuous -> past perfect continuous

I was playing football. - Tom said (that) he had been playing football.

present perfect -> past perfect

I have played football. - Tom said (that) he had played football.

present perfect continuous -> past perfect continuous

I have been playing football - Tom said (that) he had been playing football.

past perfect -> past perfect

I had played football. - Tom said (that) he had played football.

past perfect continuous -> past perfect continuous

I had been playing football. - Tom said (that) he had been playing football.

will -> would

I will play football. - Tom said (that) he would play football.

be going to - was/were going to

I am going to play football. -> Tom said (that) he was going to play football.

2.      szem�lyes n�vm�sok

-          a f�gg� besz�d mondatainak alanya megv�ltozik, �gy marad meg a mondat �rtelme

We are cooking dinner.

They said (that) they were cooking dinner.

I went to school with my grandmother.

He said (that) he went to shool with his grandmother.

3.      Id�hat�roz�k, helyhat�roz�k

-          a f�gg� besz�d egyes id�hat�roz� �s helyhat�roz� szavai megv�ltoznak, �gy marad meg a mondat �rtelme

I played football yesterday.

Tom told me (that) he had played football the day before.

today - that day

yesterday - the day before

tomorrow - the next day

now - then

here - there

this - that

say, tell and ask

-          �ltal�ban ezekkel az ig�kkel vezethetj�k be a f�gg� besz�det. Ezek a mondat f�ig�i �s �ltal�ban m�lt id�ben szerepelnek.

tell + somebody

Tom told me …

My father told the police that …

say

Jack said that he was in hospital.

What did you say?

ask somebody to do something

My mother asked me to stay in bed.

The teacher asked the children not to write on the paper.

4.      Eld�ntend� k�rd�sek:

-          eld�ntend� k�rd�sek eset�ben az 'if' vagy a 'whether' seg�ts�g�vel k�pezz�k a f�gg� besz�det:

Have you seen that film.

Susan wanted to know if I had seen the film. or Susan wanted to know whether I had seen the film.

Are you writing a letter?

Tom asked if I was writing a letter. or Tom asked whether I was writing a letter.

5.      Mikor nem v�ltozik az igeid�?

-          nagyon �ltal�nos cselekv�sek eset�n nem sz�ks�ges megv�ltoztatni az igeid�t f�gg� besz�dben

I can drive.

My father told me (that) he can (could) drive.

I love football.

My friend said (that) he loves (loved) football.

6. Felt�teles mondatok �talak�that�s�ga:

-          a f�lre�rtelmez�s elker�l�se miatt �ltal�ban csak az els� t�pus� felt�teles mondatokat alak�tjuk �t f�gg� besz�dben:

If I have money, I will buy a car.

Tom said (that) if he had money, he would buy a car.

If I had money, I would buy a car.

Tom said (that) if he had money, he would buy a car.

If I had had money, I would have bought a car.

Tom said (that) if he had had money, he would have bought a car.